A-Z of Nose Job Terms & Rhinoplasty Terms
A
accessory cartilages - small cartilages lateral to the lateral crus
ala - makes up a portion of the lower one third of the nose and corresponds to the lower lateral cartilage.
alar base - the base of the nostril and how it inserts and relates to the face
alar cartilages - paired structures which have three portions, a lateral, intermediate, and medial portion
alar groove – a depression that follows the caudal margin of the lateral crus as it leaves the alar rim to run in a more cephalic direction
alar retraction - when the caudal aspect of the nostril rim is retracted superiorly, leading to excessive nostril show
anterior nasal spine - a small portion of bone which can effect the columellar labial angle
B
bridge (nasal) - the portion of the nose that is supported by the nasal bones
Binder's syndrome- a rare disorder characterized by underdeveloped mid-face, a short nose and flat nasal bridge, and protrusion of the mandible
C
cartilage splitting (intra-cartilaginous) incision - a type of endonasal rhinoplasty maneuver in which the excess cephalic cartilage is removed while the rest of the cartilage remains intact
cartilaginous pyramid - the cartilage which sits on top of the septum and is joined by the upper lateral cartilages
caudal septum – the front of the septum which is cartilaginous in nature
caudal extension graft - a cartilaginous graft used to extend the septum and place the tip in a more favorable position
closed rhinoplasty – (or endonasal rhinoplasty) a type of rhinoplasty performed without an incision on the columella
columella - the column at the base of the nose of soft tissue which separates the nostrils
columellar labial angle - curved junction of the columella with the lip
columellar lobular angle - the angle formed by the junction of the infra-tip lobule with the columella
columellar show - the amount of columella seen on lateral and frontal view
collumellar strut - a cartilage graft which is placed between the medial crus to provide tip support
crooked nose - deviation of the external portion of the nose which can be a result of bony or cartilaginous deformity
crus - generic reference to the lower lateral cartilage; it can refer to the medial, lateral or intermediate portion of the cartilage
D
dorsal - where the lateral surfaces of the upper 2/3 of the nose join in the midline
delivery approach - the lower lateral cartilages are accessed without a scar on the columella
E
external nasal valve - external opening of the nostril
external rhinoplasty - aka open rhinoplasty - a form of rhinoplasty where an incision is made on the columella to gain better visualization and access to placement of cartilage grafts
F
frontonasal - the frontal bone of the nose
H
hemitransfixion incision - an incision in front of the septum on either the mucosa or vestibular skin
I
inter-cartilaginous incision - an incision placed just on the lower lateral cartilage side of the junction of the upper lateral cartilage with the lateral crus of the lower lateral cartilage
internal nasal valve - the area of the junction of the caudal edge of the upper lateral cartilage with the nasal septum which is the narrowest portion of the nasal airway in a normal nose
inverted V deformity - when the middle portion of the nose is pinched and the nasal bones can be seen outlined
K
Kilian incision - an incision made typically over the cartilage one centimeter posterior from the mucosal septum
L
lobule - the lower part of the nose known as the nasal tip
lower lateral cartilages (LLC) - the paired inferior nasal cartilages consisting of the medial, middle, and lateral crus
M
marginal incision - an incision on the inferior surface of the lower lateral cartilages
N
nasal bone - the bony portion of the upper one third of the nose which lies inferior to the frontal bones and anterior the maxilla
nasal length - the distance from the top of your nose to the nasal tip (from radix to tip)
nasal lobule - the lower part of the nose bounded by the anterior nostril edge postero-inferiorly, the supratip area superiorly and the alar grooves laterally
nasal obstruction - restriction of airflow through the nose with normal breathing
nasofrontal angle - angle of demarcation between forehead and nasal dorsum
nasolabial angle - the angle seen on lateral view formed by a line drawn through the most anterior to most posterior point of the nostril intersecting the vertical facial plane
nasopharnyx - the upper part of the pharynx continuous with the nasal passages
O
open roof - when a large bony nasal hump is removed, there may exist a large gap betwen the nasal bones and the bony septum.
osteotomy - the breaking of nasal bones, and sometimes maxilla, with a specially designed chisel, to reshape the nasal pyramid
P
pinched tip - refers to the tip being too thin which can occur from improper technique and even nasal valve collapse due to lack of cartilaginous support or removal of scar tissue
pollybeak deformity - a nasal deformity caused by the supratip becoming the leading portion of the nose rather than the nasal tip
projection - the measure of how far your nose sticks out from your face
ptotic tip - when the nasal tip hangs inferiorly creating an acute nasolabial angle
pyramid (nasal) - bony pyramid - the bony portion of the nose made up bilaterally of the nasal bone and frontal process of the maxilla.; cartilaginous pyramid - the cartilage which sits on top of the bony pyramid
pyriform apeture - the pear-shaped external bony opening of the nasal cavity
R
radix - areas of junction between the frontal bone and the dorsum of the nose
rasp - a specially designed instrument which helps reduce reshape the bony prominence of the nose
revision rhinoplasty- a type of rhinoplasty performed to correct a previous rhinoplasty
rhinoplasty - reshape the nose for functional or cosmetic purposes
root (nasal) - there the nose joins the forehead
S
saddle nose - a nose marked by depression of the bridge of the nose (hence the nose has a dip in the middle, similar to a saddle)
scroll area - the area of recurvature of the lateral crus of the lower lateral cartilage at its junction with the upper lateral cartilage
septal deviation - when a portion of the cartilage or bony septum protrudes into the nasal airway causing obstruction
septoplasty - surgical repair of the nasal septum
septorhinoplasty - the surgical repair of the nasal septum with added cosmetic techniques as well
septum (nasal) - the bony and cartilaginous partition between the nasal passages
sesamoid cartilages - small cartilages found in the lateral space between the upper and lower lateral cartilages
soft tissue triangle - the thin skin fold between the alar rim and the curved caudal border of the junction of the medial and lateral crus
spreader grafts - a long wedge of cartilage placed between the septum and the upper lateral cartilage to open the internal nasal valve; the graft can also be used after dorsal hump removal to prevent an "inverted V deformity" and improve the brow tip aesthetic line.
supratip or supratip area - the area just superior to the nasal tip at the inferior aspect of the nasal dorsum
T
transfixion incision - an incision in the membranous septum between the caudal border of the septal cartilage and the columella
U
upper lateral cartilages (ULC) - the paired superior nasal cartilages, triangular in shape, extending laterally from the dorsal septum making up the lateral walls of the middle third of the nose